What Are Pipe Flanges and How Do They Work?

Offering a reliable way to connect pipe systems with the various equipment, valves, and other components of virtually any processing system, flanges are the second most used joining method after welding.

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Using flanges adds flexibility when maintaining piping systems by allowing for easier disassembly and improved access to system components.

A typical flanged connection is comprised of three parts:

• Pipe Flanges
• Gasket
• Bolting

In most cases, there are specific gasket and bolting materials made from the same, or approved materials as the piping components you wish to connect. Stainless Steel flanges are some of the most common. However, flanges are available in a wide range of materials so matching them with your needs is essential.

Other common flange materials include Monel, Inconel, Chrome Moly, and many others depending on the application.

The best option for your needs will depend on both the system in which you intend to use the flange and your specific requirements.

Common Flange Types and Characteristics

Flanges are not a one-type-fits-all sort of solution. Sizing aside, matching the ideal flange design to your piping system and intended usage will help to ensure reliable operation, a long service life, and optimal pricing.

Here’s a look at the most common flange types available.

Making the Connection: Flange Facing Types

Flange design is only the start when considering the ideal flange for your piping system. Face types are another characteristic that will have a major impact on the final performance and service life of your flanges.

Facing types determine both the gaskets needed to install the flange and characteristics related to the seal created.

Common face types include:

• Flat Face (FF): As the name suggests, flat face flanges feature a flat, even surface combined with a full face gasket that contacts most of the flange surface.
• Raised Face (RF): These flanges feature a small raised section around the bore with an inside bore circle gasket.
• Ring Joint Face (RTJ): Used in high-pressure and high-temperature processes, this face type features a groove in which a metal gasket sits to maintain the seal.
• Tongue and Groove (T&G): These flanges feature matching grooves and raised sections. This aids in installation as the design helps the flanges to self-align and provides a reservoir for gasket adhesive.
• Male & Female (M&F): Similar to tongue and groove flanges, these flanges use a matching pair of grooves and raised sections to secure the gasket. However, unlike tongue and groove flanges, these retain the gasket on the female face, providing more accurate placement and increased gasket material options.

Many face types also offer one of two finishes: serrated or smooth.

Choosing between the options is important as they will determine the optimal gasket for a reliable seal.

In general, smooth faces work best with metallic gaskets while serrated faces help to create stronger seals with soft material gaskets.

The Proper Fit: A Look at Flange Dimensions

Apart from the functional design of a flange, flange dimensions are the most likely factor to impact flange choices when designing, maintaining, or updating a piping system.

However, you must consider how the flange interfaces with the pipe and the gaskets in use to ensure proper sizing.

Common considerations include:

• Outside diameter: The distance between two opposing edges of the flange face
• Thickness: A measure of the thickness of the outer attaching rim
• Bolt circle diameter: The distance between opposing bolt holes when measured from centre to centre
• Pipe size: A designation of the pipe size with which the flange corresponds
• Nominal bore size: A measurement of the flange connectors inner diameter

Flange Classification & Service Ratings

Each of the above characteristics will have an influence on how the flange performs across a range of processes and environments.

So how can you tell which flanges are up to the task and which are not?

Flanges are often classified based on their ability to withstand temperatures and pressures.

This is designated using a number and either the “#”, “lb”, or “class” suffix. These suffixes are interchangeable but will differ based on the region or vendor.

Common classifications include:

• 150#
• 300#
• 600#
• 900#
• #
• #

Exact pressure and temperature tolerances will vary by materials used, flange design, and flange size. The only constant is that in all cases, pressure ratings decrease as temperatures rise.

Flange Standards and Markings

To help make comparison easier, flanges fall under global standards established by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) -- ASME B16.5 & B16.47.

If you’re attempting to replace or verify existing parts, all flanges must include markers -- typically on their outer perimeter -- to aid in the process.

These markers also follow a strict order:

• Manufacturer logo or code
• ASTM material code
• Material Grade
• Service rating (Pressure-temperature Class)
• Size
• Thickness (Schedule)
• Heat Number
• Special designations, if any -- for example, QT for Quenched and tempered or W for repair by welding

This guide offers a solid foundation of the basics of flange design and how to choose the ideal flange for your piping system. However, with a wide range of stainless steel flanges and other flange materials available, it is impossible to list every configuration, detail, or consideration.

Should you have questions, the Technical Sales Experts at Unified Alloys are ready to help. Serving industries and businesses across North America and Canada for more than 40 years, we understand the complexities of alloy piping and the needs of your industry. Call us today for additional information and to find the ideal flange, piping, and components for your next project.

When ordering pipe flanges and parts, it’s best to be as specific as possible. Include details such as:

1: Size Nominal Pipe Size (NPS)

The nominal pipe size of the connecting pipe is defined by the flange size (NPS). The NPS does not always correspond to the flange inside diameter. B16.5 is for .5″-24″ NPS flanges, and B16.47 is for 26″-60″ flanges. API stocks flanges ranging from .5” to 202”.

2: Pressure Class

This specifies the flange’s pressure-temperature rating, which is required for all flanges and covered by ASME B16.5. Classes such as 150#, 300#, 600#, 900#, #, and # are examples.

3: Type

The application determines the type of flange, with the most common being a Weld Neck (WN), Slip On (SO), Threaded (Thd), Socket Weld (SW), or Lap Joint (LJ). Reducing Flanges (RED), Long Weld Necks (LWN), and Stub Ends (SE) are a few more.

4: Facing

The sealing gasket is seated on the flange face, which serves as the contact surface. Different types of flange facing and surface finishes (RMS) are defined by ASME B16.5 and B16.47. Raised Face (RF), Ring-type Joints (RTJ), Flat Face (FF), Large Male (LM), Large Female (LF), Large Tongue (LT), and Large Groove (LG) are examples of common facing options.

5: Pipe Schedule

This only applies to non-standard flanges such as socket welds, stub ends, orifices, and weld necks where the flange bore must match the pipe. Pipe schedules used today range from SCH 5S to XXS.

6: Standard

A set of uniform specifications created by a professional organization, like the American Society of Materials Testing and Materials (ASTM) or the American Society of American Engineers (ASME), is referred to as a “standard” or “specification.” The material requirements for groupings of material grades like A182 (ASTM) / SA182 (ASME) or B564 (ASTM) / SB564 (ASME) are outlined by these authorities.

7: Material

Materials are frequently referred to by their trade names (Alloy 304/304L, for example). However, the most popular and widely used method of designating a material is with UNS numbers (UNS S/ S).

PRIMARY ALLOYS WE STOCK AT API INTERNATIONAL:

1. Aluminum Series:
   • A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A
2. Copper Series:
   • , ,
3. Plastic Series:
   • Delrin, POM, Lexan, Nylon 66, Nylon 6, PEEK, PP, PE, Acetal
4. Rubber Series:
   • EPDM, Neoprene, Buna-n, Viton
5. Titanium Series:
   • Grades 1-28
6. Steel Series:
   • Carbon Steel:
     • A105, A36, A516-70, A572-50, Other Carbon Steel Available Upon Request
   • Stainless Steel:
     • 300 Series:
       • 303, 304, 304L, 316, 316L
     • 400 Series:
       • 420J2, 430, 434, 442
7. Special Metals:
   • Hastelloy, Inconel, and Incoloy, Duplex , Super Duplex , Chrome Steel, Alloys, or their equivalents

These details are key to ordering the correct pipe flanges. If you’re replacing an existing flange, refer to the specifications stamped on the existing flange. Otherwise, you will need to provide some or all of the following details when you submit your order request.

Choose the Appropriate Flange Connection Type

What connection type do you require? Most pipe connection types are intended for specific jobs and may not be interchangeable. Specify your connection method or the intended application for the flanges you purchase.

The Most Common Flange connection types are:

• Slip-On or Ring
• Blind
• Weld Neck
• Threaded
• Lap Joint
• Socket Weld

Measure to Determine Appropriate Flange Size

Measure the outside diameter (O.D.)—across the flange from one outside edge to the other. Then, measure the center hole of the flange—the inside diameter (I.D.)—which correlates with the pipe size.

Know the number of necessary bolt holes and the bolt circle diameter—measured from the center of one bolt hole to the center of the bolt hole directly across from it. If you use a reducing flange to connect a larger pipe with a smaller pipe, you will need pipe diameter measurements for both pipes you wish to connect. Consider dimensional tolerances to determine permissible limits in measurement differences.

Get the Appropriate Pressure Class

Flanges aren’t selected by physical measurements alone. The required pressure class or pressure-temperature rating helps determine which flanges are required. Pressure class and measurements can be related: The higher the class, the larger the outside diameter and bolt holes. The thickness of the flange also increases as size and pressure rating go up. Choosing a flange with a higher pressure rating (but not a lower one) may be acceptable, as long as the other flange dimensions and specifications match.

Other Considerations for Pipe Flange Orders

• What flange material do you need? Steel, stainless steel, ductile iron, aluminum—your required material most often matches the pipe material. Material can affect weldability, pressure rating, corrosion resistance, and use.
• What standards must your flanges meet? Do you need flanges that meet the specifications for American Water Works Association (AWWA), ANSI-style, DIN (metric) flanges, or other standards?
• Does the country of origin matter? Import flanges can be a more cost-effective solution, but may not meet the requirements for domestic infrastructure projects. The new Build America; Buy America (BABA) law, which went into effect on May 14, , governs domestic preferences for Iron and Steel, manufactured goods, and Construction materials for infrastructure projects that use federal dollars for funding.
• Consider any additional fittings or accessories necessary. Are gaskets, stub ends, spacers, or other fittings required?
• If we do not stock the options you need, let us know. Our Custom Machine Shop allows us to manufacture or modify products to meet specific customer needs.
• Order lead time differs between products and an estimate can be given when the order is placed. If you have a deadline, let us know so we can work to fulfill your order in time.

Explore our catalog and contact us with questions or to submit an order or inquiry—we’re available to help answer your questions, help you decide which flanges are appropriate, or provide a quote for your order.

For more information about ordering flanges and pipe system components, explore our Resource Center.

A guide to flanges

What is a flange?

A flange is the protruding rim that enable pipes, valves and other equipment to form a connection. Flanges also increase strength at the joint. They enable you to create a piping system while also allowing for fast disassembly. By providing access points, inspections or modifications can be carried out with relative ease.

How you make a pipe-flange connection varies. It depends on the type and the requirements of your piping system. Some are weld-on pipe flange, while others can be screwed on. The type of flange you choose will also depend on issues such as pressure capacity and application. But first, let’s look at common flange types.

Different types of pipe flanges

While specialty pipe flanges are available, there are six main types. Here they are, along with how to secure the flange on a pipe.

Threaded flanges

They’re used in low-pressure systems on smaller pipes with thick walls. They also make it easy to connect and disconnect pipe systems without disrupting the entire system for maintenance or to make adjustments. To attach the flange on a pipe, the bore’s female thread is screwed onto the pipe’s external threads. These flanges are not welded on.

Typical use:

• Flammable, hazardous or explosive applications where welding is dangerous
• Ideal in restricted spaces where welding flange to pipe can’t be carried out

Socket weld flanges

The simple design is intended for small-size and high-pressure piping that do not transfer highly corrosive fluids. Socket weld flanges are attached by inserting the pipe into the socket and applying one fillet weld around the outside of the flange. First, the pipe is inserted in the socket of the flange. When it reaches the

bottom of the flange, the pipe is lifted out slightly by 1/16" (1.5mm) and welded. This gap allows for thermal expansion created by welding, minimizing the probability that the weld will crack. Not suitable for highly erosive or corrosive applications, as the gap is vulnerable to corrosion between the pipe end and the socket’s shoulder.

Typical use:

• Hydraulic pipes

Lap joint flanges

Slides over the pipe and used with a stub end. Also known as loose-ring flanges, and back-up flanges. These flanges are used on piping fitted with lapped pipe or with lap joint stub ends. With the stub end, the lap joint flange is typically used in systems requiring frequent dismantling for inspection and cleaning. Another advantage is its ability to swivel and align with bolt holes. As the flange never comes into contact with the fluid, the flange is highly durable and can be re-used.

Not recommended in extreme or high-pressure temperature applications.

Typical use:

• Low-pressure applications
• When flange needs frequent dismantling for maintenance

Slip-on flanges

These low-pressure flanges are thinner than most other flanges. With an inside diameter slightly larger than the pipe’s outside diameter, the flange slips onto the pipe. A fillet weld is applied at the top of the flange and at the bottom. The welds enhance strength and prevent leakage. Also known as hubbed flanges. Installation of slip-on pipe flanges is easy and therefore low cost.

The speed at placing the flange on the pipe saves costs, but those savings are reduced with the additional costs of two fillet welds which are needed for proper installation.

Typical use:

• Cooling and firefighting water lines
• Process lines for oil, gas and steam

Blind flanges

The lack of an inner hole enables blind flanges to seal off the end of pipe systems, preventing flow. This makes it easier and more cost efficient to carry out pressure tests. The blind flange connection is also an ideal pipeline flange. You can stop the flow of fluid and safely add new pipes or new lines to the pipeline.

Without blind flanges, shutdowns and repairs would be incredibly difficult to handle. While shutoff valves solve the problem of stopping flow, the location of the valve can be a problem. For example, if the valves are a mile or two away, then you’re looking at a significant amount of wasted fluid.

Blind flanges are installed with bolts, so they’re also easy to remove.

Typical use:

• Testing pipe pressure
• Creating access points to piping systems
• Seal a piping system temporarily to make repairs, or permanently

Welded neck flanges

Also known as weld bend flanges. Their long necks are butt welded to a pipe. The flange’s bore matches that of the pipe, reducing turbulence and erosion. This flanged connection relocates stress to the pipes, ensuring a decrease in high-stress concentration at the bottom of the flange. When installing, weld neck pipe flanges must be positioned parallel at the time of fitting. Flanges at opposite ends of a pipe should typically have the same bolt-hole direction too.

Typical use:

• Piping systems with repeating bends
• In conditions with wide fluctuations in temperature and pressure
• Volatile and hazardous fluids

Flange types: at a glance

Type

Pressure capacity

Pipe sizes

Use for

Threaded

Low

Small

Attaching without welding

Lap joint

Low

All

Systems that need frequent disassembly

Slip on

Low

All

Low installation cost; easy assembly

Blind

Very high

All

Flow pressure testing; closing pipes

Welded neck

High

All

High-pressure systems; extreme temperatures

The flange face is the area on the head where your gasket will go. The three most common types are:

• Raised face (RF)
• Ring type joint (RTJ)
• Flat face (FF)

Flanges with different faces should not be mated. For example, a raised face to flat-face flange connection will result in leakage from the joint, per ASME code B31.3.

Raised face flanges

The most common type is the raised face flange. Its name comes from the raised gasket surface, above the bolting circle face. The raised face concentrates more pressure on a smaller gasket area. In turn, this increases the joint’s pressure containment capability.

The height of the raised face is determined by the flange’s pressure rating. Likewise, the higher the pressure rating, the bigger the flange diameter, the more bolts needed and the thicker the flange.

Flat face flange

Raised face vs. flat face flange, also called full face flange, isn’t an issue. They play different roles. Instead of a raised face, this is a flat surface. Consequently, the gasket surface is the same plane as the bolt frame, covering the flange from its inside diameter to outside diameter.

• Full face is designed to avoid the bending that flanges undergo as bolts are torqued.
• Cast iron can break during this process, which is why this material is often used to make flat face flanges. The design prevents this problem from happening.

Ring-type-joint face flange

High temperature, high-pressure flanges or rather, flanges used in extreme environments, utilize a ring-type-joint face. These flanges often have a raised face with a ring groove machined into it. They can also have grooves cut into their faces with steel ring gaskets. The flanges seal when the bolts are torqued, compressing the gasket between the flanges into the grooves.

Ring joint flange vs raised face

The purpose behind a raised face flange is to concentrate more pressure on a smaller gasket area, increasing the joint’s ability to contain the pressure. Ring-type-joint face flanges don’t use gaskets. The groove within the flange enables the ring to center itself when the bolts are torqued. As the process pressure increases, so, too, does the sealing pressure.

Face flanges: at a glance

Typically used:

Raised face flange

Flat face flange

Ring-type- joint face

Process plants (chemical, etc.)

l

   

Oil & gas

l

 

l

Valves

 

l

 

Cast-iron equipment

 

l

 

Low-pressure water pipe systems

 

l

 

Severe applications: high pressure and high temperature (up to 1,382⁰F/ 750⁰C)

   

l

The pipe flange face is vulnerable to damage during handling and transport, so you need to think about flange covers. This flange cover shown here is made of durable and flexible polyethylene. It protects both raised and flat face flanges, along with full-face gaskets.

Flange protectors are also critical. The studded full face flange protector here is also made of polyethylene and provides full coverage by inserting the lugs firmly into the bolt holes.

Understand more about flange covers in our guide, Why Flange Covers are Essential.

The raised face flange protector shown here has an adhesive backing for fast application.

You can learn more about flange protection in Pipe & flange protection: a quick buyer’s guide.

Flange materials

Whether steel pipe flanges or a plastic flange, you should base the material you choose on its application. Typically, the materials should match your pipe material, but again, it depends on your application. For example, if your piping system is used for air or other non-corrosive applications, then your flanges and pipes may not need to be of the same corrosion-resistant material as acidic or caustic liquids.

Otherwise, if you’re interested in say, carbon steel slip-on flanges, you need to match the grade steel you choose to the pipe. Common flange materials include:

Carbon steel

Carbon-steel flanges are alloyed primarily with carbon. Carbon steel has a high hardness and strength that increases with carbon content but lowers ductility and melting point. Carbon steels range from mild and low, with 0.16—0.29% carbon to ultra-high carbon steel, with around 1–2% carbon. Steels with carbon content above 2% are considered cast iron.

Alloy steel

Just as you can enhance properties in plastics with additives, you can alloy steels with other elements to enhance the properties of your chose steel. Common alloys include molybdenum and chromium. Through different elements, you can increase a steel’s strength, ductility, corrosion resistance, and machinability.

Stainless steel

Stainless steel is alloyed with chromium in amounts above 10%. It’s chromium that gives stainless steel a higher corrosion resistance than carbon steel, which easily oxidizes from air and moisture exposure. Stainless steel is ideal for corrosive applications that also require high strength. Different grades of stainless steels yield different outcomes. You can learn more in our guide, Understanding stainless-steel grades.

Cast iron

When iron is alloyed with carbon, silicon, and other alloyants, the result is cast iron. Cast irons have good fluidity, castability, machinability, and wear resistance. They tend to be brittle to a degree with low melting points.

Aluminum

This is a low-density metal with medium strength. Malleable and ductile, it’s more corrosion resistant than typical carbon and alloy steels. Aluminum is suitable for flanges that need both strength and low weight, such as for irrigation applications.

PVC

A PVC flange is low cost and durable. PVC pipe flanges also have the advantage of being both chemical and corrosion resistant. Additives can make PVC more flexible and softer. PVC flange connections can provide extra protection to underlying pipes. They’re also popular for water-treatment processes, favored by the agricultural industry and used in domestic plumbing. Lightweight and easy to install, PVC flanges are perfect for PVC pipe systems.

Gasket materials

For all flange types excluding ring-type-joint faces, you’ll need gaskets. Choose them based on factors such as operating temperature, the fluid being conveyed by the pipeline, flange type, size, pressure class or rating and other specifications. First, however, you need to know material properties, which can be enhanced with additives.

Suitable for

EPDM

Natural rubber/SBR

Neoprene

Nitrile

Butyl

Silicone

Keytones

l

         

Hot & cold water

l

         

Alkalis

l

         

Acids & bases

 

l

 

l

   

Heat

l

   

l

   

Oils

     

l

   

Hot oils

     

l

   

Ozone

l

 

l

 

l

 

Weather resistance

l

 

l

 

l

 

Abrasion resistance

 

l

 

l

   

Low-moisture permeability

       

l

 

Low-gas permeability

   

l

 

l

 

Seawater applications

   

l

   

l

High temperatures

         

l

Low temperatures

         

l

Vibration suppression

         

l

General chemical resistance

       

l

 

Animal fats

     

l

   

Flange sizes

Flange dimensions are determined by the nominal pipe size (NPS) and the pressure class that your application requires. The higher the pressure rating of the class, the higher the size and dimensions of the flange. Typically, a 1/2" pipe flange will belong to the 150-pound pressure class. For threaded flange, a 4" pipe flange is the largest size available.

Large diameter flanges are in higher pressure classes. Below are the different classes:

Pressure classes

• 150 lbs
• 300 lbs
• 400 lbs
• 600 lbs
• 900 lbs
• lbs
• lbs

Size standards

Flange types and sizes vary, but they’re manufactured according to the standards set by organizations. For example, a long weld neck flange ASME B16.5 conforms to ASME standards, and might differ slightly from another standard. ASME B16.5 swivel flange dimensions – a type of weld neck flange – have equivalents in EN and MSS standards.

(If you see, for example, ANSI 150 swivel flange dimensions, this is incorrect. ANSI at one time published standards and started working with ASME in . At the time standards appeared as ANSI/ASME, but by , ASME had taken over standards.)

So your first task is determining the standard you’ll work to, which will likely follow what’s commonly used in your area.

Size standards are set according for each pressure class.

The example here is a threaded flange, both raised face and flat face, according to ASME B16.5. The pressure class is 150.

Sizes: inches

Flange NPS

I.D.

O.D.

Bolt circle (BC)

Raised face (R)

Raised face (RF)

H

Raised face thickness (T)

T1

Flat face thickness (T2)

Bolt hole (B)

No. of bolt holes

½

0.93

3.50

2.38

1.38

.063

1.19

.62

.38

.56

.62

4

¾

1.14

3.88

2.75

1.69

.063

1.50

.62

.44

.56

.62

4

1

1.41

4.25

3.12

2.00

.063

1.94

.69

.50

.63

.62

4

1 ¼

1.75

4.62

3.50

2.50

.063

2.31

.81

.56

.75

.62

4

1 ½

1.99

5.00

3.88

2.88

0.63

2.56

.88

.62

.82

.62

4

2

2.50

6.00

4.75

3.62

0.63

3.06

1.00

.69

.94

.75

4

2 ½

3.00

7.00

5.50

4.12

0.63

3.56

1.12

.82

1.06

.75

4

3

3.63

7.50

6.00

5.00

0.63

4.25

1.19

.88

1.13

.75

4

3 ½

4.13

8.50

7.00

5.50

0.63

4.81

1.25

.88

1.19

.75

8

4

4.63

9.00

7.50

6.19

0.63

5.31

1.31

.88

1.25

.75

8

5

5.69

10.00

8.50

7.31

0.63

6.44

1.44

.88

1.38

.88

8

The company is the world’s best flange dismantling joint supplier. We are your one-stop shop for all needs. Our staff are highly-specialized and will help you find the product you need.

6

6.75

11.00

9.50

8.50

0.63

7.56

1.56

.94

1.50

.88

8

8

8.75

13.50

11.75

10.62

0.63

9.69

1.75

1.06

1.69

.88

8

10

10.88

16.00

14.25

12.75

0.63

12.00

1.94

1.13

1.88

1.00

12

12

12.94

19.00

17.00

15.00

0.63

14.38

2.19

1.19

2.13

1.00

12

14

14.19

21.00

18.75

16.25

0.63

15.75

2.25

1.32

2.19

1.12

12

16

16.19

23.50

21.25

18.50

0.63

18.00

2.50

1.38

2.44

1.12

16

18

18.19

25.00

22.75

21.00

0.63

19.88

2.69

1.50

2.63

1.25

16

20

20.19

27.50

25.00

23.00

0.63

22.00

2.88

1.63

2.83

1.25

20

22

22.19

29.50

27.25

25.25

0.63

24.25

3.13

1.75

3.07

1.38

20

24

24.19

32.00

29.50

27.25

0.63

26.12

3.25

1.82

3.19

1.38

20

EN sizes: millimetres

DN

D

(diameter)

k

(PCD)

b

(thickness)

d2

(diameter of bolt hole)

Bolt size

No. of holes

Weight (kg)

10

90

60

16

14

M12

4

0.72

15

95

65

16

14

M12

4

0.81

20

105

75

18

14

M12

4

1.14

25

115

85

18

14

M12

4

1.38

32

140

100

18

18

M16

4

2.03

40

150

110

18

18

M16

4

2.35

50

165

125

18

18

M16

4

2.88

65

185

145

18

18

M16

8

3.51

80

200

160

20

18

M16

8

4.61

100

220

180

20

18

M16

8

5.65

125

250

210

22

18

M16

8

8.13

150

285

240

22

22

M20

8

10.5

200

340

295

24

22

M20

8

16.5

250

395

350

26

22

M20

12

24.1

300

445

400

26

22

M20

12

30.8

350

505

460

26

22

M20

16

39.6

400

565

515

26

26

M24

16

49.4

450

615

565

26

26

M24

20

63.0

500

670

620

28

26

M24

20

75.2

600

780

725

34

30

M27

20

124

700

895

840

38

30

M27

24

183

800

950

42

33

M30

24

29.7

900

46

33

M30

28

374

52

36

M33

28

492

60

39

M36

32

842

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