RFID Readers 101 - Top UHF Handheld for Asset Tracking | Xerafy

Incorporating an RFID tracking system is a pivotal step for any business. At the heart of such a system are industrial RFID readers, which serve as a crucial component, facilitating communication with tags and granting access to their data.

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When integrated into the right RFID system, a UHF RFID reader can identify assets quicker, more accurately, and at a reduced overall cost at various points of the asset’s lifecycle.

This guide, put together by the award-winning Xerafy engineering team, focuses on handheld readers that operate within the Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) range, specifically between 840 MHz and 960 MHz, and are designed in accordance with GS1’s EPC UHF Gen2 air interface protocol.

An RFID UHF tracking system is a type of radio frequency identification system that operates in the ultra-high frequency range. 

This system employs UHF tags, which utilize electromagnetic fields to automatically identify and track objects. The UHF frequency range typically operates between 860 and 960 MHz, enabling long-range communication between the tag and reader. 

UHF RFID tracking systems are versatile and can be used in a variety of applications, including inventory management, supply chain optimization, and asset tracking. These industrial RFID systems are highly efficient, allowing for quick and accurate data collection, and can significantly enhance the overall efficiency and productivity of a business.

There are different types of UHF RFID readers available, including wireless RFID readers, mobile RFID readers, UHF fixed readers, portable RFID readers, handheld RFID readers, integrated RFID readers, and USB readers.

Industrial readers usually come as either handheld devices or as stationary units attached to a piece of equipment (ceiling, gate, chokepoint etc). When tracking assets and inventory, a hybrid approach of utilizing fixed and handheld RFID readers is commonly employed.

Key differences to consider between the two types of readers include: read speed, read range, and overall efficiency of the tracking system.

A fixed reader is better suited for continuously reading tags, for applications where items move through a fixed point. Also, fixed readers have a higher read range and can read a large number of tags on the go. Being mounted in a fixed location, they can be used to track items as they move through a specific area, such as a warehouse or production line.

Handheld RFID readers, on the other hand, are more like micro-computers. They run on rechargeable batteries with rugged versions available for industrial environments and mobile plugins. They can often also scan barcodes, offering a versatile solution for spot checks, with a screen for direct reading and data input.

Compared to fixed readers, handheld readers are easier to deploy and integrate with existing industrial RFID systems and data management tools, with many references available at various price points.

10 key features to consider when selecting a handheld RFID reader for an asset tracking or inventory management system:

1- How rugged? IP and shocks
The reader should be durable enough to withstand the harsh conditions of industrial and commercial environments. It should withstand drops, water and dust exposure, and temperature extremes. Look for an RFID reader with an IP rating of at least IP54.

2- Connectivity? Stability is better
Common data transfer options include USB, Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi.

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3- How much data storage capacity?
Some readers may have limited internal memory, while others may have expandable memory options.

4- With barcodes? Option is available
Some readers come with the ability to scan barcodes and QRcodes.

5- RFID chip? Optimal performance
Companies like Impinj offer chips for both tags and readers (through partners) which ensure optimal performance when associated in the same system.

6- Frequencies? Region-based
RAIN RFID compatibility for the geographic region of operation.

7- Antenna polarisation? Longer range
Linear vs circular polarization.

8- Battery life?
Swapable batteries and charging options such as cradles.

9- Do you need a screen?
Manufacturing and Oil & Gas favor industrial RFID readers with a screen/PDA integrated. Readers without a screen are less expensive and can be connected to a mobile .

10- Availability?
Lead times have been affected by supply chain issues for even the most established brands.

RFID scanners and barcode technology have distinct differences in terms of their functionalities. The key disparity lies in the need for human intervention, often referred to as “line of sight.” This concept pertains to the proximity between the operator and the labeled or tagged item being scanned or read.

In the case of barcode technology, operators must position their handheld scanners within the line of sight of the item to obtain an accurate read. This means that the operator needs to be physically close enough to visually observe and scan the barcode. On the other hand, RFID technology allows operators more flexibility by eliminating the limitation of line of sight. To collect data using RFID, operators only need to be within the range of the RFID tag. This means that they can gather data for any item within the read range without requiring physical proximity or direct visibility of the tag itself.

Moreover, RFID technology offers the advantage of reading multiple items simultaneously within its read range. This capability allows for efficient data collection without the need for operators to move from shelf to shelf physically. Conversely, barcode technology necessitates manual scanning of each individual item with the handheld scanner, making it a more time-consuming process when dealing with multiple items.

RAIN RFID tags from reputable manufacturers will fully operate with RFID UHF readers. 

RFID tags selection will depend on the specific application and requirements, with size, read range, durability, and environment among the most critical factors to be considered.

It is important to choose tags that are compatible with the handheld reader and can be easily integrated into the existing RFID system.

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