What is the Advantage and Disadvantage of cabinet air conditioner

When picking cooling systems, knowing about air conditioner DC and AC units helps. AC units use alternating current, while air conditioner DC units utilize direct current. This difference affects how they operate and what power sources they require.

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Choosing the right air conditioner, DC or AC system, saves energy and money. It also allows you to match the unit to your needs, whether for machines or solar setups. Selecting the right one enhances performance and reduces costs over time.

Key Takeaways

• AC air conditioners cost less and work well in homes and factories. However, they use more electricity.
• DC air conditioners save energy and are better for the environment. They are great for off-grid or solar power systems.
• Think about your power source when picking one: AC units need steady electricity, but DC units are great for remote places.
• DC units give exact cooling for delicate equipment. AC units are better for big areas that need strong cooling.
• Look at your cooling needs and how it affects the environment to choose the right air conditioner for you.

AC Cabinet Air Conditioners

Overview of AC Cabinet Air Conditioners

AC cabinet air conditioners use alternating current (AC) to run. These systems are often found in places with steady power, like factories, offices, and homes. They are built to cool reliably and work well with regular electrical setups. Strong compressors and fans help them perform well, even for long hours.

These air conditioners are great for cooling big areas or equipment that needs constant cooling. Their easy compatibility with existing power systems makes them a common choice for many cooling tasks.

Pros of AC Cabinet Air Conditioners

AC cabinet air conditioners have several benefits:

• Wide Compatibility: They connect easily to standard electrical grids, making setup simple.
• High Cooling Capacity: These systems are perfect for cooling large spaces or busy equipment areas.
• Affordable Initial Costs: AC units usually cost less upfront compared to DC options.
• Reliable Performance: They are made to cool steadily, even under heavy use.

These features make AC units a good fit for places with predictable power and cooling needs.

Cons of AC Cabinet Air Conditioners

AC cabinet air conditioners also have some downsides:

• Higher Energy Consumption: They use more electricity, especially when working hard.
• Efficiency Issues: Problems like too much or too little refrigerant can waste energy. For example:
  Fault Type Impact on Energy Use (%) Description Indoor Airflow Rate Fault 3% – 5% (15% below) Low airflow raises energy use by hindering heat transfer. Refrigerant Undercharge 6% – 10% (20% under) Less cooling power leads to higher energy use. Refrigerant Overcharge 4% – 7% (20% over) Extra pressure lowers efficiency and raises energy use.
• Environmental Impact: Using more energy increases their carbon footprint.

Think about these drawbacks if energy savings or environmental care are important for your needs.

Air Conditioner DC: DC Cabinet Air Conditioners

Overview of DC Cabinet Air Conditioners

DC cabinet air conditioners use direct current (DC) for power. They work well with solar panels or batteries, making them great for off-grid setups. These systems are perfect for saving energy and using renewable power sources.

They are made to cool sensitive equipment, like in data centers or telecom areas. Keeping temperatures steady is very important in these places. Models like TECA and Hoffman SpectraCool have special features like thermoelectric cooling and energy-saving compressors.

Studies show that older cooling systems, like CRAC/CRAH, don’t work well in high-density setups. This has increased the need for cabinet cooling systems, where DC air conditioners are very useful.

Pros of DC Cabinet Air Conditioners

DC cabinet air conditioners have many good points:

• Energy Efficiency: They use less power, especially with renewable energy sources.
• Eco-Friendly Operation: Solar or battery power lowers carbon emissions.
• Precise Cooling: They keep equipment safe by maintaining steady temperatures.
• Low Maintenance: Solid-state models, like EIC High Delta T, need little care.

For instance, Hoffman SpectraCool can cool up to 20,000 BTU/hr. It has energy-saving compressors and remote control features, making it great for industrial or remote areas.

Cons of DC Cabinet Air Conditioners

DC cabinet air conditioners also have some downsides:

• Higher Initial Costs: They cost more upfront than AC systems.
• Limited Cooling Capacity: Some models, like thermoelectric ones, can’t cool large spaces.
• Health Concerns: Studies show air conditioners, including DC ones, can spread bacteria and fungi. Cleaning them often helps reduce these risks.

Knowing these drawbacks helps you decide if a DC air conditioner fits your needs.

Comparing AC and DC Cabinet Air Conditioners

Efficiency Comparison

Energy Use of AC Units

AC air conditioners use more energy than DC ones. They run on alternating current, which is less efficient for long use. This can lead to higher electricity bills, especially in factories or offices.

AC units often work at fixed speeds. This means they use the same energy no matter the cooling need. Older models without inverter technology waste energy during low cooling times.

Energy Use of DC Units

DC air conditioners are made to save energy. They use direct current, which works well with solar panels or batteries. This makes them great for places without regular power.

DC units have inverter compressors that change speed based on cooling needs. This cuts energy waste and lowers costs. Studies show DC units can reach a COP above 3.0, making them very efficient.

Performance Analysis

Cooling Power of AC Units

AC air conditioners are good for cooling big spaces. Their strong compressors and fans handle heavy cooling jobs, like in factories or equipment areas.

Research shows AC units with 12,000 to 24,000 BTU are popular. They are chosen for tough cooling tasks but may struggle in crowded setups needing precise cooling.

Cooling Power of DC Units

DC air conditioners focus on precise cooling. They are used in places like data centers where steady temperatures are key.

DC units usually cool between 500W and 1,067W (about 3,638 BTU). Though smaller than AC units, they work well in hot areas up to 55℃. Features like small BLDC compressors and energy-saving designs improve their performance.

Cost Analysis

Upfront Costs of AC Units

AC air conditioners cost less to buy. They are easy to find and work with regular power systems, making them affordable.

Data shows 55% of AC sales come from homes due to lower costs. Offices and cities are expected to buy more as energy-saving needs grow.

Upfront Costs of DC Units

DC air conditioners cost more at first. Their advanced parts, like inverter compressors and solar compatibility, raise the price.

Cost breakdown includes:

Cost Type Details Purchase Costs Includes buying and setup expenses. Running Costs Energy and water costs are based on use and rates. Maintenance Costs Regular care and repair expenses. Replacement Costs Costs for swapping old systems. Loan Costs Interest payments for borrowed money. Non-Money Factors Things that affect choices but don’t involve direct spending.

Though DC units cost more upfront, they save money later with lower energy use and less upkeep.

Maintenance Needs

AC Unit Care

AC air conditioners need regular care to work well. Clean or change filters often to stop dust buildup. Dust can block airflow and lower cooling power. Check refrigerant levels regularly. Low refrigerant makes the compressor work harder and use more energy.

Look at electrical parts like wires and connections to avoid problems. Clean the condenser coils too. Dirty coils make heat transfer harder, causing the unit to use more power.

Skipping maintenance can lead to costly repairs and shorter unit life. Hiring a professional once a year helps prevent these issues.

DC Unit Care

DC air conditioners need less care than AC ones. Many models have solid-state parts that don’t need much upkeep. Still, clean the unit sometimes to remove dust and dirt.

Check the power source, like solar panels or batteries, to ensure they work well. For thermoelectric models, inspect heat sinks and fans for blockages.

Even though DC units are low-maintenance, ignoring basic care can hurt performance. Regular cleaning and checks keep them running smoothly for years.

Environmental Effects

AC Unit Carbon Impact

AC air conditioners use more energy, raising their carbon footprint. They depend on grid electricity, often made from fossil fuels. This adds to greenhouse gas emissions.

For example, single-speed heat pumps in AC systems have a 5% higher carbon footprint than two-speed ones. Inefficient models waste energy, causing more environmental harm.

DC Unit Carbon Impact

DC air conditioners are better for the environment. They can run on solar power, cutting their carbon footprint. Research shows DC systems can lower emissions by 53% compared to rooftop units.

Energy-saving designs, like inverter compressors, help reduce energy use while keeping performance strong.

Study System Type Carbon Footprint Reduction Energy Use Reduction Ali & Mohamed () District Cooling (DC) 53% 55% vs RTU Ali & Mohamed () District Cooling (DC) 53% 18% vs VRF Li et al. (a) Two-speed heat pump 5% lower than single-speed N/A Zhu & Yin () R32/R236fa mixture N/A Efficiency up to 3.2x

Switching to DC systems can save energy and lower your carbon footprint.

Best Uses

AC Unit Applications

AC air conditioners work best where power is steady. They are great for cooling big spaces like factories, offices, or homes. Their strong cooling power handles heavy cooling needs.

Choose AC units if you need reliable cooling and have stable power. For example, they are often used in industries to keep machines cool.

DC Unit Applications

DC air conditioners are ideal for off-grid or remote areas. They work well with solar panels and handle changing power conditions.

DC units are great for places like data centers or telecom shelters. Their precise cooling protects sensitive equipment and saves energy.

Best Use Cases for AC Cabinet Air Conditioners

Industrial Applications

AC cabinet air conditioners work well in factories and industries. They are used where cooling is very important for safety and efficiency. These units keep machines from overheating and help them run smoothly.

Industries like oil drilling and refineries depend on these systems. They cool the control panels and electrical cabinets to prevent damage. In steel factories, they stop equipment from getting too hot in high-heat areas. Hospitals and labs use them to keep tools clean and safe.

Other places like water plants, textile factories, and recycling centers also use them. These areas often have changing temperatures and humidity. AC cabinet air conditioners provide steady cooling, protecting machines and boosting work output.

• Common industrial uses include:
  • Oil drilling platforms
  • Refineries and barges
  • Steel and metal factories
  • Paper mills
  • Textile factories
  • Sewage plants

If you work in an industry, these air conditioners are strong and reliable for your needs.

Residential and Commercial Applications

AC cabinet air conditioners are popular in homes and businesses. They are affordable and work in many places. As cities grow and temperatures rise, more people need cooling systems.

In homes, these units make rooms comfortable and improve air quality. They are great for small spaces like apartments or houses. Newer models use less energy and are better for the environment.

In businesses, compact HVAC units are common. These systems combine cooling parts into one box. Many are installed on rooftops in offices, malls, and restaurants. They save space and provide steady cooling.

• Reasons for growing demand include:
  • More cities and buildings arebeing built
  • Higher incomes in developing countries
  • New technology like eco-friendly refrigerants

Whether for home or work, AC cabinet air conditioners are practical and efficient cooling options.

Best Use Cases for Air Conditioner DC Units

Off-Grid and Renewable Energy Systems

DC air conditioners are great for off-grid areas. They work well with solar panels and wind turbines. If you live far from cities or want less grid power, these are ideal. They use direct current, making them perfect for places without electricity.

You can cool homes, cabins, or farms using solar-powered DC units. For example, a DC air conditioner can keep a greenhouse cool without using grid power. This saves energy and reduces your carbon footprint.

Tip: Add batteries to DC units for cooling at night or cloudy times.

Businesses focused on sustainability also benefit from these systems. Telecom shelters and data centers use DC air conditioners to keep equipment cool. They rely on renewable energy, making them eco-friendly and efficient.

Remote and Mobile Applications

DC air conditioners are useful in remote and mobile setups. They work well in tough conditions or when cooling is needed on the move. Vehicles like RVs, trucks, and boats often use them, powered by batteries.

These units are small and use little energy, perfect for tight spaces. For example, food trucks use them to keep food cold. Mobile medical units also rely on them to protect equipment.

In remote areas, DC air conditioners cool sensitive tools reliably. Telecom towers in deserts or mountains depend on them to stop overheating. They handle high heat and harsh weather, ensuring steady performance.

Note: Clean DC air conditioners often in mobile setups to avoid dust and keep them working well.

Choosing Between AC and DC Cabinet Air Conditioners

Power Source Availability

The power source you have decides your air conditioner type. AC units work well with regular electricity grids. They are great for cities, factories, and offices with steady power.

DC air conditioners are best for places without grid power. They use solar panels or wind turbines to run. If you live far from cities or use renewable energy, DC units are a smart choice. For example, solar-powered DC units can cool equipment without needing electricity from the grid.

Studies show DC systems save energy and help the environment. One study explains how DC cooling improves energy efficiency in data centers. Another report shows how DC systems lower costs when paired with renewable energy.

Title What It Explains Energy Efficiency in Datacenters DC cooling saves energy and helps the planet. Project Management with DC Cooling DC systems cut costs with renewable energy setups.

Environmental Conditions

The environment affects which air conditioner works best. AC units are good for places with steady temperatures and humidity. They work well indoors, like in homes, offices, and factories.

DC air conditioners handle tough conditions better. They work in deserts, mountains, or mobile setups with changing weather. Telecom towers in remote areas use DC units to keep equipment safe in harsh weather.

DC units also help the planet more than AC ones. They use less grid power and lower energy use by 1.27%. Studies show DC systems can reduce environmental harm by up to 45%.

Category AC Units Impact DC Units Impact Energy Use Reduction N/A 1.27% Computer Use Reduction N/A 4.50% Grid Power Reduction N/A 1.62% Solar Energy Export Decline N/A 2.16% Environmental Harm Reduction 15% – 45% 15% – 45%

Application-Specific Needs

What you need the air conditioner for helps you choose. AC units are good for big cooling jobs in homes, offices, and industries. They are strong and work well with regular power systems.

DC air conditioners are better for special tasks. They are great for data centers, telecom shelters, and mobile setups. These places need steady cooling and energy savings. An expert, Jonathan Sauer, says DC systems are best for reliable and efficient cooling.

• Things to think about for DC systems:
  • Works well with solar or off-grid power.
  • Keep sensitive equipment cool and safe.
  • Provide backup cooling for important systems like data centers.

By looking at your power source, environment, and needs, you can pick the right air conditioner for your situation.

Picking between AC and DC cabinet air conditioners depends on what you need. AC units are great for places with steady power and big cooling jobs. DC units save energy and work well with solar or battery setups.

Key Points:

• AC Air Conditioners: Cheaper to buy, good for homes and factories, but use more electricity.
• DC Air Conditioners: Use less energy, are eco-friendly, and fit off-grid or mobile needs, but cost more upfront.

Tip: Think about your power source, location, and cooling needs. Choose AC units for large spaces. Pick DC units for saving energy and helping the environment.

FAQ

What is the main difference between AC and DC cabinet air conditioners?

AC units use power from the grid. DC units use batteries or solar panels. AC systems work well with steady electricity. DC systems are better for off-grid or renewable energy setups.

Which type is more energy-efficient?

DC air conditioners save more energy. They have compressors that change speed to match cooling needs. AC units use more power because they run at fixed speeds, even when less cooling is needed.

Are DC air conditioners worth the higher upfront cost?

Yes, if you want to save energy and help the environment. DC units cost less over time by using less power and needing little maintenance. They are great for solar or off-grid systems.

Can AC units work in remote areas?

AC units need steady electricity to run. They are not good for places without power. DC units, powered by solar panels or batteries, are better for remote locations.

How do I decide between AC and DC air conditioners?

Think about your power source and cooling needs. AC units are best for big spaces with steady power. DC units are better for off-grid areas or places needing precise cooling.

Air Conditioners for Enclosures

Our industrial air conditioners are engineered for dependable performance at high ambient temperatures, as enclosure cooling units can be installed in many industrial environments including harsh and other challenging operating conditions. In addition, a full line of factory installed accessories and options allow for a more customized cabinet cooling solution to optimize performance in certain applications. To view these options, explore our complete line of enclosure accessories. For instances where the ambient air can accomplish the desired heat removal, a fan or blower may be all that is required.

Many of our sealed enclosure cooling units feature a programmable thermostat, which allows for accurate and versatile enclosure cooling. With the use of a separate "hot key" they can also be utilized for remote monitoring and alarms, using Modbus protocol. Depending on the model series, sealed enclosure cooling for NEMA Enclosure Ratings of 12, 3R, 4 & 4X can be maintained.

The Guardian/GuardianX and SlimKool enclosure cooling units have been designed for both indoor or outdoor use, without the need for weather shielding. The popular Guardian/GuardianX Series offers the greatest variety of models, sizes and BTU/H outputs to choose from, as well as NEMA 4 and 4X Ratings, and various voltages, including 480 Volt. The SlimKool Series is specifically designed to mount on electrical enclosures where available vertical space is limited, a common problem in many industrial applications. These are also available in NEMA 4 and 4X versions as well as 480 Volt. Our patented Hazardous Location Series offers enclosure cooling in areas where NEC class 1, Division 1 & 2 is required; these units use the cabinet's existing purge system. For indoor cabinets where small capacities are required, the Micro-Mini, Narrow Mini and Profile Series are excellent choices. If clean water is available, our TrimLine Water Cooled Series is recommended where high ambient temperatures and contaminated air is present. In some applications, the only available cabinet space for mounting an enclosure cooling unit is on top, horizontally. In these instances, the Advantage, Horizontal Super Mini and Compact Plus Series are available to meet your needs. The Intrepid Series is best for high capacity, outdoor applications.

If you have an older Kooltronic air conditioner or a competitor's unit that needs to be replaced, we offer adaptor plates and plenums that will minimize enclosure modifications, making the switch out much easier.

Kooltronic Enclosure Air Conditioners are engineered for reliable performance and long useful life. All applicable components are UL/CSA Listed or Recognized. Our enclosure cooling units are developed in-house using an integrated 3D design process and drawings are available in 2D and 3D formats for inclusion in your design specifications.

Kooltronic uses revision controlled, paperless manufacturing documentation to ensure uniformity and quality. Our New Jersey production facility utilizes robotic sheet metal fabrication, an automated powder paint line and continuous formed tubing bending equipment to reduce refrigerant leak potential. Bar-coded evacuation and charge, and final test inspection is standard for all cooling systems before being shipped to our customers.

Kooltronic also designs and manufactures a variety of air conditioners to meet unique specifications. We invite your inquiries regarding our quick-response modification and custom-design cooling system capabilities.

Top 5 Differences between Cabinet and Wall Mounted Air Conditioner

Top 5 Differences between Cabinet and Wall Mounted Air Conditioner

Air conditioners have become part and parcel of our daily lives. Nowadays, air conditioners come in varying sizes and types and choosing one of your choices can be tricky. However, every air conditioner’s fundamental principle is to utilize a refrigerant to move heat energy from inside to outside. Mainly, there are two types of air conditioners, namely, wall-mounted and cabinet. Some of the major differences between them are given below.

Differences between Cabinet and Wall Mounted Air Conditioner

Structural difference

Wall-mounted air conditioners are generally hung over the wall and have two air pipes routed from the back directly through the wall. The condenser in these air conditioners is placed inside the body. However, in cabinet air conditioners, all the elements, the evaporator, condenser, and compressors are located in one place. These air conditioners sometimes also come with heating coils or a natural gas furnace. This is why it is often called centralized air conditioner as well.

Portability

One of the primary differences between the wall-mounted and the cabinet air conditioner is the place where they are mounted. As the name suggests, wall mounted air conditioners are fixed in a wall. On the other hand, cabinet air conditioners are portable and can be transferred from one place to another, depending upon the size.

Cooling Capacity

Wall-mounted air conditioners are often placed in smaller places. For instance, using wall mounted air conditioners is feasible in rooms having a fewer number of people. In contrast, cabinet air conditioners are actually large room air conditioners and used in somewhat bigger halls with larger numbers. This is due to both the air conditioners’ cooling capacity as cabinet air conditioners are more likely to produce more cooling compared to the wall-mounted air conditioners.

Working method

A wall-mounted air conditioner works by drawing the air from the room, which then passes through a condenser and is cooled using a cooling agent. This cold air is then thrust into the room; the hot air and moisture are thrown out through an external unit.

However, in a cabinet, the air conditioner, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning all can be performed. Air return is the starting point of the ventilation unit where it is being sucked and passed through a filter.

A compressor is responsible for cooling, and it converts the refrigerants from gas to liquid and sends it to the coils where it cools the air. It also has exhaust outlets responsible for the expulsion of the exhaust gases.

Advantages of Wall Mounted Air Conditioner

Energy Efficient

Wall-mounted air conditioners consume less energy than centralized air systems or even traditional air conditioners. It is perfect to use them in smaller rooms as these air conditioners are beneficial for compact spaces compared to the central system. Hence it also consumes less energy.

Accessibility

The main advantage of wall-mounted air conditioners is that they can cool or heat any room with the flip of a switch. This is something neither centralized air conditioners nor traditional air conditioners can perform. Wall-mounted air conditioners provide the good of both worlds.

Advantages of Cabinet Air Conditioner

Cleaner Air

In cabinet air conditioners, the air is drawn out of the room through return air ducts, and the air is passed through an air filter, which blocks certain pollutants or airborne particles. Using air supply ductwork, this air is then supplied back to the room.

Programmable Temperatures and Alarms

Cabinet air conditioners provide the user with a chance to set their own preferable temperatures. Some models come with the coded program that can send you an alarm if things go south, provided that a device of yours is connected with it.

AIWA is one of the leading air conditioner manufacturer setting new standards by making electric appliances of unprecedented quality. One of the distinctive features of AIWA’s products is that the products comply with all the latest international standards to ensure that every gadget you get from here serves the best purpose.

What Is Enclosure Cooling? (A Colossal Guide to Becoming and Expert)

The use of enclosure coolers has grown exponentially due to the demands created by higher cabinet heat loads associated with more sophisticated electrical equipment.

In an attempt to lower costs, manufacturers placed equipment closer to the plant, exposing it to harsher environments. Before the invention of enclosure coolers in the s, electrical enclosures relied solely on ventilation and many components operated at elevated temperatures.

This stresses the equipment, leading to system failure and premature wearing down of components. Ultimately, leading to costly repairs and pricey equipment replacement.

As technology progressed, so did issues. Output variability, nuisance tripping, and unexpected equipment failure were common.

These complications were eventually linked to high temperatures. Simple ventilation could no longer meet demands to keep enclosures below operating temperature for many electrical components.

Manufacturers needed something more powerful for higher heat loads and hostile environments.

More advanced cooling systems have been created to keep enclosures running at their highest efficiency and reliability.

Benefits of Installing Enclosure Cooling Systems

Control Maximum Enclosure Temperatures – Panel coolers keep your system from feeling “hot, hot, hot.” Few devices can be used above 120 degrees Fahrenheit and many are limited to 105 degrees Fahrenheit. Average summer temperatures in the US can be 105 degrees or more. With additional heat created by solar radiation and other factors, your equipment could easily be in a damaging environment.

Enclosures Keep Out Harmful Agents – Dirt, debris, dust, corrosive vapors and water can all be detrimental to expensive electrical equipment. Enclosure coolers help protect equipment from substances that can cause harm, preventing system failure and expensive repairs.

Extends Life of the Equipment – Research has shown that for every 18 degrees above normal room temperature (72-76 degrees), the reliability of electrical components is reduced by half. Over-exerting components in a hot environment leads to a shorter life span for your equipment and costly repairs.

Prevents Malfunctioning Due to Overheating – Keeping the enclosure at optimal operating temperatures will prevent over usage and will extend the life of your equipment exponentially.

Removes Excessive Heat – Less heat will result in fewer problems. With no excessive heat, there will be no unnecessary repairs due to overworking the system.

Saves You Money! – This is probably the most exciting benefit of adding a panel cooler to your system. Eliminating the problems associated with high heat will save you money by protecting your expensive electrical equipment from failure and expensive repairs associated with an over-exerted system.

All electrical systems give off heat and the environment where the enclosure is located can also add to a higher heat load.

Internal Heat Sources Include:

AC Drives/inverters

Battery back-up systems

Communication gear

PLC systems

Power supplies

Routers and switches

Servers

Transformers

External Heat Sources Include:

Want more information on heat exchanger manufacturers? Feel free to contact us.

Blast furnaces and foundries

Engine rooms

Food processing factories

Industrial Ovens

Hot Climates

Manufacturing plants

Outdoor solar heat gain

Uninsulated or non-air conditioned buildings

How to Determine Which Enclosure Cooler Will Work for You

NEMA Ratings:

The National Electrical Manufacturer’s Association (NEMA) ratings explain what the enclosure’s intended use is for, from small pushbutton boxes to large full sized room enclosures.

NEMA ratings standardize product specifications while establishing performance criteria.

In other words, they make sure consumers are buying the right enclosure to keep electrical components safe based on the cabinet’s environment and type of equipment inside.

It is important for the panel cooler to have the same NEMA rating as the electrical enclosure. If the panel cooler and the enclosure have different ratings it will not meet NEMA standards. This is a bad thing because your electrical equipment will not get the correct protection that it needs.

Read Enough But Still Have Doubts?

BTUH Calculator:

Using a BTUH calculator is the perfect solution to enclosure ac sizing. It does most of the work for you, and who doesn’t love a shortcut?

The ISC Sales BTUH calculator takes all of these factors into account when calculating heat loads:

Enclosure Dimensions:

A large enclosure will need more cooling power than a small enclosure.

Environmental Temperatures:

To accurately read ambient temperatures for indoor enclosures:

Measure the temperature far enough away from your cabinet so your reading will not be skewed by heat radiating from the enclosure, at least 20 feet away

Take multiple measurements throughout the day and use the highest recorded temperature as a guideline. Make sure you are recording temperatures during peak operation time when all equipment is running.

Use a calibrated thermometer.

For outdoor enclosures…

Don’t measure the surface temperature of the cabinet. This will give you a higher reading because it is affected by heat from the sun and cooling from the shade.

Think about seasonal changes in the area and use the highest expected temperature. You can find accurate regional figures by visiting weather websites like this one Weather.gov

Use a calibrated thermometer.

Heat Load:

To calculate heat load, make a list of all the equipment in the cabinet, paying special attention to the manufacturer’s model numbers. Use this information to look up the amount of heat in watts that each component generates, then add it all up to get the heat load.
*If you can’t find the numbers in watts, but you know the horsepower (HP) remember that 1HP= 746 W. *

Enclosure Materials:

Enclosures made of aluminum have different NEMA ratings than polycarbonate ones and they can protect against different environments. They also have different cooling needs.

Insulation:

Just like wrapping yourself up in a blanket, insulation can trap heat in. This is an advantage for enclosures located in climates with cold winters. However, the insulation can create problems during warmer weather if it is not considered while deciding on which enclosure cooler will work best for you.

Location:

Whether the enclosure is inside, outside, in an air-conditioned environment, in direct sunlight or near high-heat producing equipment can all affect internal temperatures in the cabinet.

Ambient Air Conditions:

The air surrounding the enclosure plays an important role in deciding which enclosure cooler works best.If harmful, potentially explosive dust entering the cabinet is a concern the enclosure will need a different cooler type than if you simply needed a cooler to protect components from the high temperatures of an outdoor climate.

Paint Color:

Darker colors will trap heat, while lighter colors will not.

These factors are all crucial for determining which enclosure will best work for your application. An incorrect heat calculation can result in using the wrong cabinet cooler.

Using the wrong cooler will keep your equipment from working at its best. Components will overload, leading to expensive repairs and you will experience the same problems that led you to purchase a cooler.

Types of Enclosure Coolers

Enclosure coolers are separated into two categories based on how much they can lower internal temperatures in an electrical cabinet.

Every Above Ambient system and every Sub-Ambient system cool enclosures differently and are for wide-ranging applications and environments.

Above Ambient

These enclosure coolers work best for electrical cabinets that have a higher internal temperature than the environment around it.

Above Ambient systems can only be used when the ambient, or surrounding, temperature is lower than the desired enclosure temperature.

This means that these systems do not actively make your enclosure colder, they simply circulate the hot air in the enclosure with the cooler air present in the environment around it. Sometimes you don’t need all the bells and whistles and just need a simple solution.

An enclosure in a well air-conditioned environment where the average ambient temperature is 76 degrees is an ideal situation for an Above Ambient cooler.

Above Ambient coolers tend to be less pricey, but have a limited cooling capacity.

Fan Filter:

Fans and grills work together to displace hot air inside the enclosure with cooler air. Incoming air is filtered to protect components from dust and debris.

These systems work just like a fan you’d use inside your home. They do not physically lower the temperature of your home, but they do move and cycle air creating a cooler climate and have the added bonus of filtration.

Pros:

Works well in temperature controlled environment

Simple, non-complex system

Inexpensive option

Cons:

Maintenance requires regular filter replacement

Limited NEMA rating: water, dirt and other contaminants can still enter the enclosure

Air to Air Heat Exchanger:

Air to Air systems recirculate the air in the enclosure. Heat is transferred using a heat pipe running from the hot enclosure to cooler ambient air.

The heat pipe is a sealed tube filled with a very low-pressure refrigerant liquid. The bottom of the pipe is warmed by the hot air in the cabinet, causing the refrigerant to vaporize and rise to the top of the pipe.

The top of the pipe comes into contact with cooler ambient air. Once the refrigerant hits the cooler air it releases its heat, condenses and then returns to the bottom of the pipe. Small fans are also used circulate the air inside and blow outside air over the heat pipe.

Air to Air Heat Exchangers function with a close looped design, meaning they recirculate the air already present in the enclosure, which prevents water, dirt and other contaminants from entering the cabinet.

Even though heat is transferred between inside and outside air they never come into contact with each other.

The cool top and warm bottom of the pipe are in separate compartments. The bottom is completely sealed, allowing only hot air from the top to enter the heat exchanger and the cool air to return to the enclosure. The top compartment is exposed to the ambient air circulated by a fan, discharging heat.

Pros:

Works well both indoors and outdoors

Can be used with NEMA rated enclosures

Extremely reliable, heat pipe assembly usually lasts 300,000 hours or more

Minimal maintenance, inexpensive

Cons:

Cannot cool below ambient temperatures

Must be installed vertically

Sub-Ambient

These types of enclosure coolers are the best for enclosures with a high heat load in an environment that is also hot.

Sub-ambient coolers actively lower temperatures inside of the enclosure to below ambient temperatures.

A cabinet located outside of a manufacturing plant in the Nevada desert is an example of when a Sub-Ambient cooling system would be best. The environmental temperature of the Mojave Desert routinely reaches temperatures 100 degrees Fahrenheit by the beginning of May. Whew! Talk about hot!

Typically, these systems have a higher cost but in return provide greater cooling power.

Enclosure Air Conditioner Units:

Enclosure air conditioning units work like your ac unit inside your home. They cool enclosures using this principle- fluid heats up when compressed and cools when it is expanded.

A high-temperature/high-heat gas is created when a vaporized refrigerant is compressed. The gas is then shot through a series of coils while a fan blows ambient air across them. This removes the heat from the gas, transferring it to the surrounding environment and returns the gaseous refrigerant to liquid.

Then the refrigerant passes through an expansion valve where it becomes cold as it is expanded and evaporated before going into the evaporator coil. Air from inside the cabinet is then blown across the evaporator coil by another fan, moving the heat from the electrical components to the refrigerant. Finally, the vaporized refrigerant returns to the compressor where the process begins again.

Pros:

High cooling capacity

Compatible with many applications

Units range from 1,000 BTUH to 20,000 BTUH

Cons:

More maintenance: replacing filters, checking condenser coils for scale and other buildup (Delta T enclosure ACs include a condensate elimination system that will reduce the need for maintenance)

Horizontal or vertical orientation only/stationary

Thermoelectric Air Conditioner or Peltier Coolers:

Thermoelectric cooling uses the Peltier effect to create a temperature difference by transferring heat between two electrical junctions. A voltage is applied across joined conductors to create an electrical current.

When the current flows through the intersection of the two conductors, heat is removed at one junction and cooling occurs. Heat is then deposited at the other junction.

Finally, the hot side is attached to a heat sink which remains at ambient temperatures, while the cool side drops below room temperature.

Pros:

No moving parts or circulating liquid

Environmentally friendly, it doesn’t require the use of potentially harmful coolants

Can also be configured to generate heat during colder seasons

Long life with little to no maintenance

Cons:

Limited cooling capacity

Vortex Coolers and ACs:

Vortex coolers’ primary component is a Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube. This device’s cylindrical generator uses compressed air to create a swirling effect that separates air into hot and cold air streams.

Compressed air enters a chamber in the vortex tube and is forced to spin in a tight, high-speed circular path at one million revolutions per minute, like a tornado. At the end of this tube is a needle valve where a small portion of the air exits as hot air exhaust.

The remaining air is forced back through the center of the incoming air stream at a slower speed. The heat in the slower moving air transfers into the faster moving incoming air.

The cooled air flows through the center of the generator and exits through a cold air exhaust point. Only 40 percent of air is lost into the atmosphere through exhaust valves, while the remaining 60 percent cools the enclosure.

This process provides a positive purge, pressurizing the enclosure. This pressure will keep out contaminants such as dirt, dust, and debris.

Both vortex coolers and vortex air conditioning units utilize this technology. The main distinctions between the two are their shape and the type of thermostat used to regulate them. Vortex coolers are cylindrical in shape. They are fitted with an electrical thermostat to precisely regulate the cabinet’s internal temperatures.

Vortex air conditioners are shaped like a box, self-contained and have a mechanical thermostat. They run quieter than coolers and are generally easier to install.

Pros:

Suitable for harsh or hazardous environments

Little to no maintenance

No moving parts, which means a long life

Cons:

Needs clean/dry compressed air

Helpful Additions

Purge/Pressurization Systems:

Purging and pressurization systems are one of the most versatile options for explosion protection. They can be used with any enclosure cooler in hazardous locations. Purge and pressurization systems prevent things from going “boom” by first purging or removing, the flammable gasses that could explode.

After the purge, compressed air or inert gas fills the enclosure, which prevents any potentially flammable ambient air or dust from entering the cabinet through any leaks. This pressurization, using a non-reactive gas, limits the chances of an explosion due to interactions with ambient air or dust.

For systems that need protection from dust, the purge process is omitted to prevent raising explosive dust. Instead of purging, the interior is inspected for dust, and if it is present the cabinet is then cleaned manually.

Before you add a purge/pressurization system to your enclosure be sure to define your hazard, know the classification of the area, ratings of the equipment inside the enclosure, type of enclosure; the position of doors, windows and any accessories, and how much power the electrical equipment inside uses.

Pros:

Versatile applications, they can be added to almost any system

Cons:

They need a constant source of compressed air

Still unsure of which enclosure cooler will fit your needs?

Needs vary so much from application to application it is hard to determine what will work best.

But you’re in luck! The staff at ISC Sales is very knowledgeable, able to answer any of your questions and will ensure that you get the most efficient product for your business. Contact us today and have the enclosure cooler that’s perfect for you tomorrow.